Anuradhapura

Anuradhapura is an ancient Sri Lankan capital known for its rich history, cultural significance, and stunning landmarks. A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Anuradhapura is one of the most significant cities on the island. Not only is it an archaeological treasure trove but also a living, breathing city that seamlessly merges its ancient past with the present day. A visit to this amazing city is an experience every traveler to Sri Lanka should have.

History of Anuradhapura

Anuradhapura was founded as a city in the 4th century BC by King Pandukabhaya, who unified the country and established Anuradhapura as the capital. This ancient city is actually the first capital of ancient Sri Lanka. For centuries, Anuradhapura was a political, cultural, and economic hub. It was considered a significant city in ancient South Asia. During this time, Anuradhapura saw the construction of many impressive landmarks, including stupas, temples, and palaces.

One of the most significant periods in Anuradhapura's history was the reign of King Devanampiya Tissa, who is credited with establishing Buddhism in Sri Lanka. Under his rule, the Sri Maha Bodhi tree was planted in Anuradhapura. It has become one of the most important pilgrimage sites in the Buddhist world. The city's development as a Buddhist center continued under King Dutugemunu, who built several impressive stupas, including the magnificent Ruwanweliseya Stupa.

Another notable period in Anuradhapura's history was during the reign of King Mahasena, who commissioned the construction of the Jetavanaramaya stupa, one of the tallest structures in the ancient world. The stupa is a marvel of engineering. Its construction is a testament to the skill and expertise of ancient Sri Lankan architects and engineers. The city eventually declined after a series of invasions, but its historical and cultural significance has never faded.

Landmarks and Monuments in Anuradhapura

Anuradhapura is home to many impressive landmarks and monuments, each with its unique history and cultural significance. Some of the most notable landmarks in Anuradhapura include the Sri Maha Bodhi tree, which is the oldest known living tree in the world, and the Ruwanweliseya, Jetavanaramaya, and Abhayagiriya stupas, all 3 of which are among the most significant religious destinations on the island.

Some other landmarks include the Samadhi Buddha statue, a remarkable sculpture of Lord Buddha, and the Isurumuniya temple, known for its beautiful and intricate carvings.

For more details on these landmarks, read our article on the top 10 things to do in Anuradhapura.

Culture and Religion

Buddhism plays a central role in Anuradhapura's cultural and religious life. You can experience this firsthand by visiting some of the city's most important Buddhist temples and monasteries. In addition to Buddhist culture, Anuradhapura is also home to many other cultural traditions and practices. One of the most notable is the practice of Ayurveda medicine, which has been passed down from generation to generation in Sri Lanka. Traditional dance and music also form an integral part of the city's cultural heritage.

How to get there

Anuradhapura is located about 200 km north of Colombo, and there are several ways to get there.

• Train: One option is to take a train from Colombo Fort Station to Anuradhapura Station. Trains run several times daily and offer a comfortable journey through the country. The journey takes about 4-5 hours.
• Bus: Another option is to take a bus. Buses run regularly throughout the day and offer a cheap and convenient way to get to Anuradhapura. The journey takes about 5-6 hours.
• Taxi or Private Vehicle: You can also hire a taxi or a private car from Colombo. It will be somewhat expensive but offers you the freedom to go at your own pace and enjoy the drive. The journey takes about 4-5 hours.

Getting around the city

Anuradhapura is a large city with many important landmarks and monuments spread out across different areas. Tuk-tuks are readily available throughout the city, and you can negotiate a price with the driver for a set amount of time or for a specific itinerary. You can also rent a scooter and explore the city at your own pace.

Tips and advice

There are a few things to remember in order to make the most of your experience. Here are some tips and advice for travelers:

• Dress modestly and respectfully when visiting Buddhist sites and temples. This means covering your shoulders and legs and removing your shoes and hats before entering a religious place.
• Anuradhapura can get very hot and sunny, especially in the middle of the day, so it's essential to protect yourself from the sun and stay hydrated. Bring plenty of water and some sunscreen.
• Plan your itinerary ahead of time. Anuradhapura is a large city with many important landmarks and monuments, so it's a good idea to plan your itinerary ahead of time to make the most of your visit.
• Take your time. Anuradhapura is a magical place rich in history and culture, so don't rush through your visit. Take your time and explore the city at your own pace; don't be afraid to stop and soak it all in.
• Be mindful of the local customs and traditions. As a visitor, it's important to respect the local customs and traditions, especially when visiting religious sites. Observe any posted guidelines and follow the lead of locals when it comes to appropriate behavior.
• Consider hiring a local guide. A knowledgeable guide can help you navigate the city, provide valuable insights into the history and culture of Anuradhapura, and ensure you get the most out of your visit. Many guides can be found near the major sites or can be booked through local tour operators.

This ancient city is a testament to the rich cultural and historical heritage of Sri Lanka, and it is home to some of the most impressive landmarks and monuments in the world. The awe-inspiring architecture, captivating history, and vibrant culture make Anuradhapura a must-visit destination for any traveler looking to explore the depths of Sri Lanka's rich heritage. So if you're planning a trip to Sri Lanka, be sure to include Anuradhapura on your itinerary and experience the magic of this ancient city for yourself.