Udawalawe National Park

Udawalawe National Park, located between the Uva and Sabaragamuwa provinces of Sri Lanka, is a true gem for any nature and wildlife enthusiast. The park boasts a diverse array of animals, including the majestic Asian elephants, leopards, sambar deer, wild boars, and various bird species. In this guide, we'll explore everything Udawalawe has to offer, from the park's unique wildlife and rich history to the best ways to experience it.

History of the Udawalawe National Park

Established in 1972, Udawalawe National Park was created to provide a sanctuary for the wild animals displaced when constructing the Udawalawe Reservoir. The park covers an area of approximately 30,821 hectares (119 square miles). It is surrounded by dense jungles, grasslands, and marshes, providing a diverse habitat for a wide range of wildlife.

The Landscape

The park's landscape is predominantly characterized by open plains and grasslands interspersed with patches of forest, shrubs, and teak plantations. This diverse environment supports a variety of plant species, including tall grasses, trees like satinwood and ebony, and numerous aquatic plants.

The Wildlife of Udawalawe National Park

Udawalawe is famous for its large population of Asian elephants. The park is home to about 250 elephants, and visitors are almost guaranteed to see them during a safari. The best time to see the elephants is from May to September, when they come to the water holes to drink and bathe. A safari in an open jeep is the most popular way to spot them, allowing visitors to cover more ground and see the animals up close. But, for a more immersive experience, visitors can also go on an elephant safari.

Udawalawe is also home to leopards, sambar deer, wild boars, and various bird species. Visitors can also spot crocodiles and water birds on a boat tour of the Udawalawe Reservoir. The park is also home to several other mammal species, such as the golden jackal, sloth bear, mongoose, and fishing cat.

Udawalawe is also a haven for birdwatchers, with 184 species of birds recorded in the park. The park's wetland areas are particularly popular among aquatic birds like storks, herons, and egrets, while the grasslands are home to a variety of eagles, kites, and other birds of prey. Endemic bird species like the Sri Lanka grey hornbill, Sri Lanka junglefowl, and the brown-capped babbler can also be spotted within the park.

How to Get There

Udawalawe National Park is located approximately 250 km (155 miles) southeast of Colombo, the capital of Sri Lanka. The park can be reached by car or bus from Colombo in about 3.5 - 4 hours. Alternatively, you can also get to the park from Galle. It is about 124 km in this case and will take about 2 hours. Several accommodations are also located near the park, including hotels, guesthouses, and campsites. You can choose to stay in one of these accommodations or one of the park's own campsites.

Things to Do

In addition to safaris, there are many other activities in Udawalawe. You can go on a guided nature walk to learn more about the park's plants and animals or take a boat tour on the Udawalawe Reservoir to spot crocodiles and water birds. Udawalawe is an excellent place for those interested in photography to capture images of the park's wildlife. You can also learn more about the park's conservation efforts at the Udawalawe Elephant Transit Home, which is dedicated to caring for orphaned elephant calves. Finally, no visit to Udawalawe would be complete without a visit to the Udawalawe dam. This large dam provides irrigation and hydroelectric power to the surrounding area. The dam offers beautiful views of the park and is a lovely spot to enjoy nature.

Guided Safaris and Tours at Udawalawe National Park

Consider booking a guided safari or tour to make the most of your visit to Udawalawe National Park. These tours are led by experienced naturalists who are well-versed in the park's ecology and can provide valuable insights into the behavior and habitats of the animals you encounter. A guided tour will also increase your chances of spotting creatures such as leopards, which are known for their elusive and solitary nature. Safaris are typically conducted in open-top jeeps, providing an excellent vantage point for viewing wildlife. Morning safaris usually begin around 6 am, while afternoon safaris start around 2 pm.

Responsible Tourism and Conservation

When visiting Udawalawe National Park, it's essential to be mindful of the impact your visit can have on the environment and wildlife. To minimize your footprint, adhere to the following guidelines:

1. Stay on designated trails and avoid venturing off the beaten path, as this may disturb the animals and their habitats.
2. Keep noise levels to a minimum to avoid startling the wildlife.
3. Do not litter or leave any waste behind. Carry a reusable water bottle and avoid single-use plastics.
4. Maintain a safe distance from the animals and never attempt to touch or feed them.
5. Support local businesses and sustainable tourism practices by choosing eco-friendly accommodations and tour operators.

Udawalawe Elephant Transit Home

Established in 1995 by the Sri Lanka Department of Wildlife Conservation, the Udawalawe Elephant Transit Home is located near the park entrance. This serves as a rehabilitation center for orphaned or injured elephant calves, providing them with medical care, nourishment, and the necessary skills to survive in the wild.
Visitors to the transit home can witness the elephants being fed and learn more about its efforts to protect and conserve Sri Lanka's elephant population. The center is open daily, with feeding times scheduled at 9 am, 12 pm, 3 pm, and 6 pm.

Tips for Visiting

• Plan your visit during May to September for the best chances of spotting elephants and other wildlife.
• Visit the park early to catch the animals at their most active times.
• Bring binoculars and a camera to fully appreciate the park's wildlife.
• Be prepared for the heat. Bring sunscreen, a hat, and water.
• Take note of the park's closing times and plan accordingly to ensure you have enough time to see all that you want to see.
• Remember that while you may see a lot of wildlife during your visit, it's still a wild and natural environment, and sightings can't be guaranteed.

Nearby Attractions

There are several great tourist destinations within a 2-hour drive from Udawalawe.

1. Sinharaja Forest Reserve: This UNESCO World Heritage Site is a biodiverse rainforest home to a vast array of flora and fauna. Visitors can embark on guided treks to explore the beautiful environment, observe rare endemic species, and witness the captivating beauty of the forest.
2. Ella: A picturesque town in the highlands of Sri Lanka, Ella is known for its beautiful landscapes and adventurous hiking trails.
3. Yala National Park: As Sri Lanka's most famous wildlife park, Yala is known for its high leopard density and diverse wildlife.
4. Mirissa: A coastal town famous for its stunning beaches, Mirissa is world-renowned for whale watching.
5. Galle: This historic city is Sri Lanka's third largest. It is home to the iconic Galle Fort as well as some magnificent beaches. It is a great place to stay while exploring down South Sri Lanka.

Udawalawe National Park offers a truly captivating experience for visitors to Sri Lanka. With its lush greenery and stunning vistas, the breathtaking landscapes create an unforgettable adventure that will leave a lasting impression. If you are a nature lover, make sure you visit this majestic place if you are visiting Sri Lanka.